Solar system in astrology
Sol
According to 1st-century poet Marcus Manilius in his epic, 8000-verse poem, Astronomica, the Sun (), or Sol, is benign and favorable, and presides over the head. It is usually thought to represent the conscious ego, the self, and the principles of creativity, spontaneity, health and vitality—the life force. The Sun is the planetary ruler of Leo.
The Sun is associated with Sunday. Dante Alighieri associated the Sun with the liberal art of geometry.
In Chinese astrology, the Sun represents Yang. In Indian astrology, the Sun is called Surya.
Luna
Main article: Moon (astrology)
According to Manilius, the Moon ( ), or Luna, is melancholic, and presides over the right arm. The Moon is the ruling planet of Cancer. In astrology, the Moon is thought to be associated with a person's emotional make-up, unconscious habits, rhythms, memories and moods. It is also associated with emotions in general, the mother, maternal instincts or the urge to nurture, the home, and the past.
The Moon is associated with Monday. Dante Alighieri associated Luna with the liberal art of grammar.
In Chinese astrology, the Moon represents Yin. In Indian astrology, the Moon is called Soma.
Mercury
Mercury rules over Wednesday. Dante Alighieri associated Mercury with the liberal art of dialectic.
In Chinese astrology, Mercury is ruled by the element water. In Indian astrology, it is called Budh, a word related to Budhi ("intelligence").
Venus
Since the Roman goddess Venus is the goddess of love, in Western astrology the planet Venus ( ) is also associated with love. Additionally, Venus is associated with the principles of harmony, beauty, balance, and the urge to unite. According to Marcus Manilius, Venus is generous and fecund, and presides over the left arm. In Gustav Holst's musical composition The Planets, Venus is called "The Bringer of Peace". Venus is the ruling planet of Taurus and Libra.
Venus is the planet of Friday. Dante Alighieri associated Venus with the liberal art of rhetoric.
In Chinese astrology, Venus is associated with the element metal. In Indian astrology, Venus is a female planet, known as Shukra.
Mars
According to Manilius, the planet Mars ( ) is ardent, and presides over the genitals. Called "The Bringer Of War" in Alan Leo's What is a Horoscope? because the planet is associated with the Roman god of war Mars. In Western astrology, Mars is associated with confident and aggressive personalities. It is also associated with the principles of energy, ambition and drive.
Mars is considered the ruling planet of Aries. Before the discovery of the planet Pluto, it was also considered the ruler of Scorpio. Most modern astrologers consider Pluto the ruler of Scorpio, but may regard Mars as a co-ruler, while some more traditional astrologers still regard Mars as the only ruler of Scorpio.
Mars is associated with Tuesday. Dante Alighieri associated Mars with the liberal art of arithmetic.
In Chinese astrology, Mars is ruled by the element fire. In Indian astrology, Mars is called Mangala.
Jupiter
In Western astrology, the planet Jupiter ( ) is associated with merrymaking. According to Manilius, Jupiter is temperate and benign, and presides over the stomach. Called "The Bringer Of Jollity" in Alan Leo's What is a Horoscope?, Jupiter is associated with the principles of growth, expansion, faith, prosperity and protecting roles. Jupiter is the ruling planet of Sagittarius, and was also that of Pisces prior to the discovery of Neptune. Many astrologers still consider Jupiter to be the Planetary Ruler of both Sagittarius and Pisces.
Jupiter is associated with Thursday. Dante Alighieri associated Jupiter with the liberal art of geometry.
In Chinese astrology, Jupiter is ruled by the element wood. In Indian astrology, Jupiter is known as Guru or Brihaspati.
Saturn
In Western astrology, Saturn ( ) is the ruling planet of Capricorn. According to Manilius, Saturn is sad, morose and cold, and presides over the left leg. It is associated with the principles of limitation, restrictions, boundaries, reality, crystallizing and structures. Before the discovery of Uranus, Saturn was also the ruling planet of Aquarius; however, many astrologers still use Saturn as the planetary ruler of both Capricorn and Aquarius. Saturn was called "the Bringer Of Old Age" in Alan Leo's What is a Horoscope? and is considered to represent the part of a person concerned with long-term planning. The Return of Saturn (Saturn return) is said to mark significant events in each person's life.
Saturn is associated with Saturday, which was named after the deity Saturn. Dante Alighieri associated Saturn with the liberal art of astronomia (astrology and astronomy).
In Chinese astrology, Saturn is ruled by the element earth. In Indian astrology, Saturn is called Shani, and is the bringer of bad luck.
Uranus
For some modern Western astrologers, the planet Uranus is the ruling planet of Aquarius. Manilius was unaware of the planet's existence, because it was discovered only in 1781 by Sir William Herschel. Modern interpretation associates Uranus with the principles of genius, new and unconventional ideas, discoveries, inventions, radical politics. Around the period of discovery in 1781, the idea of democracy and the human rights was prevalent, with the breakaway of the US from England and a few years later in 1789, the French revolution.
Neptune
Modern Western astrologers associate the planet Neptune ( ) with illusion, deception, religions, spirituality, the mass media, music, drugs, extreme sensitivity, psychic phenomena and altered mental states. The discovery of Neptune in 1846 coincided with the discovery of anesthetics and hypnotism around this period.
For some astrologers, Neptune is the ruling planet of Pisces. Prior to the discovery of Neptune, Jupiter was considered the ruler of Pisces, and some modern astrologers consider Jupiter a co-ruler of Pisces. Some astrologers do not believe that Neptune rules any particular sign, even though they may use the planet in chart interpretation.
Pluto
To some modern Western astrologers, Pluto is the ruling planet of Scorpio. Called "the great renewer", Pluto is considered to represent the part of a person that destroys in order to renew. A commonly used keyword for Pluto is "transformation". Many more traditional astrologers do not use Pluto as a ruling planet, but do use the planet for chart interpretation and predictive work.
Pluto is also associated with extreme power and corruption: the discovery of Pluto in 1930 coincided with the rise of fascism in Europe and the major proliferation of organized crime in the United States. It is also associated with nuclear armament, which had its genesis in the research of that decade.